Rectifying-detector for wireless systems.



. I E. TJTURNEYQ EHECTiFY ING DETEC'I'OR FOR WIRELESS-SYSTEMS. APPLICATION FILED AUG.22, I914- Patented June 29, 1915.

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EUGENE n;

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nncrirrme-nnrncroa r'oit wI ELEss sysrmvrs.

. Application filed August22,1914. Seria11 T0.8 58,O38. f T

To all whom/at mayconcern:

Beit known that I,-EUGENE-T. Tunney, a

citizen ofthe United States, residing in thecity,, county, and .State of New York, have invented certain-new and useful Improve ments in Rectifying Detectors for Wireless Systems, of

which the following is a specifi This: invention. aims .to provide an improved detector for wireless. telegraph, telephone or other signaling systems of great.

efficiency, simple in construction, durable andg'adaptedtonb'e very easily and quickly adjusted to-the position of maximum eiiiciencyr. v

Theacc'ompanying drawings'i'llustrate an embodiment of the invention. 1

Figure 1 isa side elevation of a detector" showing the principal parts-in'section; Fig. 2 is a perspective of the same; Fig. 3 is a diagram of'a suitablewiring.

Referring nowto the embodiment of the inventionfilhistratedQthe detector has contact elements A and B, the-former being a unitary block orpiece of a sensitive mate, rial, preferably a crystal ofa conducting mineral, and the latter a mass of conductingmaterial finely divided and lying in contact Withthe crystal. By sensitive material I mean material which is sensitive to alternat-. I ing current and rectifies the same and which I l I does not have to be in clrcult with an electric current like the-terminals of the coher-' ers formerly used, but receives and rectifies an alternatlng current passing in the surrounding ether.- .These contact elements are carried in a rotatable casing consisting of a;

ring C- of hard rubber or similarnon-conducting material, ,the openings at the sides, being'closed'by cover plates D and E of conducting material, the whole being mounted on pivots F and G constituting the ends of an axis about which the complete casing can be, easily and steadily rotated by the'finger of the operator. The crystal A is mounted in a bed or matrix H of tin-fdil or -'other suitable conducting material, the face of which is protected from the contact element B by aninterposed sheet J ofnon-conduct-.

ing material. -The finely divided element B :may be, for example, an alloy such as aluininum bronze filings, or may be some other suitable metal or may be carbon. The crystal ispreferably'of'the'best grade of natural ;galena-.mm

The supports K and I on whichthe casing is pivoted are 1 of conducting material fastened at theirlow'er ends to binding posts M and N mounted on a wooden or other non condueting base 0.

The rotation offi-the casing C serves to adjust the relation between the crystal and the finely divided element B and to change somewhat the relations between the grains of thefinely divided element, so that by turning the casing backward and forward new points-of co'ntactcan besecured between the two contact elements. 1 There are preferably at, all times a great number of points of contact, secured by'locating the crystal on theaxis of rotation and by the use of a quantity of ithefine'ly divided element suflicient to nearly fill the space in.

which it isconfined. The-contact elements are tightly- :housed, practically air tight against atmospheric action. The large radiating surface enables the detector to carry comparatively large currents with no danger of burning out.

Y Inorder toprevent or minimize disturbances of the position of the finely divided element by the movement of the table 'on' which the ,detector is supported a cushioned support is provided consistingof soft rubher feet P fitting With a certain freedom of motion in sockets Q in the underside of'the wooden'ba-se and having stems R surrounded by spiral springs S in said sockets. The softness of the rubber and the play which is permitted. sideWise in all directions as well as vertically relieve thedetector toa great extent from vibration and consequent dis-- turbance of the contact.

In use the detector, indicated as a Wh ole' I bythe numeral 2, may be inserted in the circuit in the manner shown in Fig. 3. The

aerial wire 3 transmits the impulses receivedgto a transformer comprising a primary 4 and secondary 5, the latter of which is in circuit with the 'detector. A telephone with ear'pieces 6 is inserted in the circuit and the usual fixed condenser 7 and variable condenser 8 are provided.

is a key 11. The buzzer is used for testing the detector. With the ear pieces in position the operator works the switch 11 of I the A buzzer 9 is' connected to a point in-the clrcuit and 1s operated by a circuit 10 of its own in which' l05 buzzer and at the same time adjusts the de- 4 tecto'r until the noise of the buzzer is heard With'the greatest clearness. This is then the best-position of adjustment and the ap l carrying sai rotation to adjust the relation between said '30 tion to the detector for a considerable time.

Though I have described with, great particularityof detailca certain specific embo'di'- ment of my invention, yet it is not to be understood therefrom that the invention is restricted to the particular embodiment disclosed.

Various modifications in detail and in the arrangement and combination of the parts may be made by those skilledv in the art without departure from the invention.

\VhatI claim is- 1. A'detector for wireless systems includ ing contact elements one of which is of material sensitive to alternating currents and adapted to rectify them and the other of which is a finely divided conductor having, annmber 'of points of contact with said rectifying element;

2. A detector for wireless systems including contact elements one of which is of material sensitive to alternating currents and adapted to rectify them and the other of which is a finely divided conductor having a number of points of contact with said rectifying elaemen't, 'and a rotatable casing .elementsand adapted by its elements and secure fresh points of contact of said finely divided conductor with said rectifying element.

3. A detector for wireless systems having .two contact elements, one a unitary piece of material'sensitive to alternating currents and adapted to rectify them, and the other a finely divided conductor. 1

4. A detectorfor wireless systemshaving two contact elements, one a unitary piece of a material sensitlve to alternating currents casing carrying at least one of said contacts and adapted by'its movement to adjust the relation thereof to .the other contact, the

finely divided conductor engaging the face of the piece 'of sensitive material to sub stantially thesame extent in all positions of adjustment.- v I 5. A detector for wireless systems having two contact elements, one a unitary piece of a material sensitive o alternating currents andaQ-apted to recti them, and the other a finely divided conductor and amovable casing carrying said contacts and adapted by: its movement. to adjust the relation of' said elements, the finely divided -.conductor engaging the'face of the piece of sensitive material to substantially the same extent in all positions of adjustment.

(5. A detector for wireless systems includpiece of a material sensitive to alternating currents and adapted to rectify them, and a finely divided contact element housed together in'a closed casing so as to be free signed my'name in the presence of two 7 subscribing witnesses.

EUGENE T. TURNEY. \Vitnesses: I

D. ANTHONY USINA, LULUj SrUBENvoLL. I

ing a contact element comprising a unitary Y 

